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11/1/2018 Towards better Writing instruction in HK: 7 things we can do

[Junior Forms] Provide more opportunities to students to do process and collaborative writing for the purpose of peer learning Use of different tools/ graded activities to cater for learners’ diversity. Conduct more creative writing instead of spoon-feeding students with stock phrases and writing framework at an early age which possibly discourage them from writing [Senior Forms] Allow teachers to do focused marking so as to revisit some critical mistakes that students must pay attention to Focus more on content, organisation and style instead of merely grammatical accuracy Relate writing tasks to daily life and experience so that students find writing tasks relatable and meaningful [Administration] Reduce the number of writing tasks for each academic year so as to leave room for teachers to spend more time on quality teaching of writing rather than meaningless marking
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16/11/2017 On Teaching Reading

Students in Hong Kong, from my perspective, lack intensive and extensive reading, unless they have already developed their habits since childhood. At school, students are taught comprehension passages in a boring way. Teachers often explain words and summarise ideas; then students move to comprehension questions. As a result, reading lessons are not interesting to both the students and teachers. I have not come up with clues that can help me teach reading effectively and interestingly. However, I would try to include some videos and higher-order questions, like evaluating tone and attitude and making inferences, to motivate them to think beyond the passage. I always believe that they should go beyond the test and DSE, and be more interested in reading. Students at my schools are encouraged to read newspaper and English books during morning reading sessions. In class, I try to spare a few minutes to read newspaper with them. Now, we have a new initiative at school with the hope...

9/11/2017 Teaching and Learning of Vocabulary

Students are aware that they have to acquire vocabulary items for communicative purpose. However, they normally do it passively despite the fact that they can actually learn different new words on their own with the advent of technology. In order to stimulate students' interest in vocabulary learning, teachers can try to pick vocab items that are relevant to their daily life. Besides, it is also important to teach vocab items in a lively way instead of providing dictionary explanations to students only. One way I think it may be useful in teaching vocab is to relate the words to students by using them as the examples. In this way, they might be able to remember and recall the items in the future. Yet, students should also play their part in vocabulary acquisition. One way to do so is definitely related to reading. Reading different genres and reading different themes will help them in language and vocabulary building. From reading, they will be able to learn words from con...

26/10/2017 From Practice to Production to Oral Fluency

Speaking is one of the four skills to be focused on in the English curriculum. As such, speaking lessons are arranged so that students have the chance to practise speaking (and specifically be trained in doing group interaction). However, sometimes I feel quite frustrated when speaking lessons come because it seems to me that I should be teaching them, but not just letting them chatter away. In my F.5 class this year, the students are less motivated. When I ask them to do speaking, even if I have recapped with them some useful expressions for communication and analyse the questions and give them some input, they fail to use them and they are not interested in speaking. Sometimes I have a feeling that they also think I am lazy because I do not have to prepare for speaking class. This has always troubled me. With a class size of 20 (I know it's not a really large class size), how can I make sure everyone is speaking and practising? How can I motivate everyone to speak in Eng...

19/10/2017 The Teaching of Grammar in HK Schools

Students in Hong Kong start learning grammar in primary school. Yet, as a secondary school teacher, it is not surprising that they still make a lot of grammatical mistakes.  One possible reason is that grammar teaching in Hong Kong places emphasis on the accuracy of the language form. It is not uncommon that English teachers start with the grammar rules and the construction of it (i.e. form) when they teach a designated grammar item. Take tenses as an example. Teachers usually ask students to memorise some key time expressions, such as 'every day', 'at the moment', 'this time next year', to help them identify which can possibly help them identify which tense is to be used. However, when it comes to real life conversation, it is absolutely unnatural to include time expressions all the time so as to indicate the tenses to be used. Instead, grammar should be used (and learned) in context. Therefore, one observation is that when students do not know how to put ...

12/10/2017 The Teaching of Grammar

Grammar is one of the key areas of learning for students, especially in junior forms. I do not like teaching grammar because everything is so mechanical. As such, students always feel bored once they have to open the grammar book. Another reason why I dislike teaching grammar using the grammar book is that the book is just way tooooo lengthy and full of rulesssss (that students can't comprehend). I would say students should know, (and internalise hopefully) the grammar rules instead of memorising the rules because at the end of the way, application is more important than memorisation. The benefit of knowing the rule is that when it comes to application, they can have some evidence and ground to use a particular grammar item instead of saying "I use this because I feel that it's right". However, at the same time, rules are rules; in real life context, flexibility is needed. Therefore, I also encourage students to know and understand the rules. Apart from knowing...

28/9/2017 When I used to hate grammar...

I used to hate grammar a lot when I was studying in secondary school because grammar was so mechanical and robotic to me. I learnt grammar by listening to teachers' explanations on grammar rules and doing A LOT of grammar exercises (form-focused exercises). And I disliked grammar so much, especially in junior forms, because I always scored low and I barely distinguished some slight differences between similar grammar items. Moving to senior secondary, I started to like grammar more because there wasn't grammar tests and exercises anymore! All I had was using grammar in reading and writing. At that stage, I came to realise that I actually know grammar and know how to use them. Of course I am not an expert in grammar but at least I can manipulate different grammar items to express myself articulately. Reflecting on how I teach grammar, I am quite frustrated indeed. I haven't figured out an effective and interesting way to engage students in learning grammar. The so-called...